Today we are going to discuss the other two very important principles to understand when it comes to doing orbital box diagrams. Last time we discussed Pauli's principle, which states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same 4 quantum numbers. When doing an orbital box diagram, another thing you should remember is the aufbau principle. Aufbau literally means "building up". The idea is to keep the energy in an atom as low as possible. If you start at the bottom of our box diagram and fill in electrons from the bottom up, then you are essentially keeping the energy as low as possible. (Remember that the box diagram has the lowest energy at the bottom and increases energy levels as you move up). The final rule to remember is called Hund's rule. Simply stated, this rule says that, for example in a p row of your energy orbital diagram, you should fill in the first three electrons, one in each box, all with the same spin first. Then, you can fill in the boxes with the next 3 electrons, with the opposite spin. Since this may sound a little confusing, lets look at some examples of all three rules for orbital box diagrams put together:
1. Nitrogen would look like:
2. Carbon would look like:
This is an idea of how to do these....
For Parents:
The second exam is next week. I have sent home study guides today, so make sure if your child needs any help; have them come see me. Have a great week!
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